Tasks on financial stability and macroprudential policy
Financial stability
The ƱAPP has two main tasks in the field of financial stability:
To identify risks
The ƱAPP, together with the other central banks of the Eurosystem and the European System of Central Banks, monitors cyclical and structural developments in the banking sectors of the euro area and the EU as a whole, as well as other financial sectors.
To assess risks
The potential impact of systemic risks on the stability of the euro area/EU financial system and its degree of resilience is assessed by using quantitative tools, such as the ƱAPP’s macro stress-testing framework, network analysis and other related modelling tools. A macro stress-testing framework is often used to assess in a forward-looking manner the resilience of the banking sector to (adverse) macroeconomic and financial developments.
In the field of financial stability, the ƱAPP also provides analytical support to the .
Macroprudential policy
With the entry into force of the SSM Regulation on 4 November 2014, the ƱAPP was given macroprudential tools to tackle the emergence of possible systemic risks in the financial system. The ƱAPP has two mandates in the field of macroprudential policy:
To apply more stringent measures
The ƱAPP may, instead of the national authorities, apply higher requirements for capital buffers than those applied by the national authorities and apply more stringent measures aimed at addressing systemic or macroprudential risks, subject to the procedures set out in relevant EU law. For example, the ƱAPP may – after notifying national authorities – apply higher requirements for banks’:
- counter-cyclical capital buffers
- systemic risk buffers (if implemented in national law)
- capital surcharges of systemically important institutions
- risk weights on real estate and intra financial sector exposures
- limits on large exposures
- additional disclosure requirements
To comment and object
National authorities have to notify the ƱAPP when they intend to implement or change a macroprudential measure. The ƱAPP assesses the planned measures and can object to them. National authorities consider the ƱAPP’s comments before proceeding with the decision.
Financial regulation
The regulation of financial institutions and markets forms the foundation for macroprudential policy. The ƱAPP analyses initiatives concerning financial regulation, financial supervision, financial stability arrangements (e.g. financial crisis management and resolution) and other areas of financial services (e.g. accounting) introduced by European and global regulators and supervisors, and gives advice from a macroprudential and financial stability perspective. In particular, the ƱAPP provides regulatory and supervisory input, via ƱAPP/Eurosystem contributions, to legislative proposals at the national, international and EU levels.